Top 3 Healthcare Cybersecurity Threats and How to Defend Against Them

November 27, 2023
Monica Ayre

The healthcare sector has some encouraging news. In 2025, the average cost of a data breach fell by $2.35 million year over year to $7.42 million. However, despite this decline, healthcare remains the most expensive industry for data breaches, a position it has held for 14 consecutive years.

In this context, the significance of cybersecurity cannot be overstated. As healthcare professionals increasingly rely on digital systems and electronic health records, safeguarding patient data and maintaining the integrity of medical records is paramount.

Let's uncover the common cybersecurity threats you should be aware of and proven strategies to protect your private practice against cyberattacks.

Overview of Cybersecurity Threats

IBM’s latest Cost of a Data Breach Report shows that the global average cost of a data breach fell for the first time in five years, declining to $4.44 million. However, the average cost of a data breach in the United States increased by 9.2%, setting a new record of $10.22 million.

The healthcare sector, however, showed measurable progress in 2025. Large healthcare data breaches declined by 13.5%, with 642 incidents reported on the HHS Office for Civil Rights data breach portal, down from 742 breaches affecting 500 or more individuals in the previous year.

While breach frequency may be declining, the financial, operational, and reputational impact of each incident remains severe, underscoring the need for stronger prevention, faster detection, and resilient response strategies.

Common Healthcare Cybersecurity Threats

In today's digitally driven healthcare landscape, patient data is more accessible than ever, making it a prime target for cybercriminals. Understanding the common cybersecurity threats in healthcare is imperative to safeguard patient privacy and data integrity.

1. Online Tracking Technology Risks

Initially designed to improve user experiences and gather data for diverse applications, online tracking technologies have become a growing concern within the healthcare sector.

Notably, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) have sounded the alarm. These technologies persistently track users even after they've left healthcare websites, potentially increasing. The consequences of this potential data exposure encompass data leakage, privacy breaches, and complex regulatory compliance issues.

2. EHR Vulnerabilities

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) store valuable Protected Health Information (PHI) and are prime targets for cyber attackers.

The HHS cyber agency has flagged several key threats:

Phishing Scams

These attacks are like cyber scams; attackers try to trick you into revealing your login details or infect your system using deceptive emails or links. In 2025, phishing accounted for approximately 16% of all data breaches, making it one of the most common attack vectors.

How cyber criminals conduct phishing scams
Phishing Attacks | HHS

‎Email is a top choice for cybercriminals launching phishing campaigns. They use current events to make emails more tempting, hoping to trick recipients into clicking harmful links or downloading files with malicious code. With more people working remotely, the risk of falling for phishing emails has gone up.

Malware & Ransomware

Malware can infiltrate your systems through software vulnerabilities, downloads, or phishing, potentially resulting in data breaches and network harm.

Ransomware is malicious software that locks files, making them and related systems unusable. Attackers demand a ransom for decryption, with the added threat of selling or revealing sensitive data and authentication details if the demand isn't met. This is especially problematic in healthcare, where immediate access to patient information is crucial.

Encryption Blind Spots

Encrypted data is like a secure tunnel, but if there are blind spots, hackers can slip through undetected and launch attacks. Covering these blind spots is necessary for cybersecurity and helps with compliance.

Cloud Threats

As healthcare organizations increasingly rely on cloud services, protecting private data is essential while adhering to vital regulations like HIPAA.

Employee Risks

Insider threats are a genuine concern across industries, including healthcare. It's critical to enforce cybersecurity policies and strategies within every healthcare organization.

3. PACS Vulnerabilities

Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) play an invaluable role in healthcare, enabling seamless sharing and storage of patient data and medical images across hospitals, clinics, and research institutions. However, cyber attackers can easily detect PACS servers, making them vulnerable to potential data breaches and jeopardizing patient data privacy and overall system integrity. If left unpatched, these servers can expose patient records and compromise the security of connected clinical devices. Despite the awareness of these issues, unpatched PACS servers are still in use.

How to Fight Cyber Attacks? 

Healthcare providers can bolster their defense against cyber attacks by embracing the following best practices:

1. Robust Authentication

Enforce robust authentication measures, including multi-factor authentication (MFA), to bolster the security of patient records. MFA acts as an additional safeguard, significantly reducing the chances of unauthorized access. In contrast, inadequate authentication methods expose your network to cyber intruders, heightening the danger of disclosing critical information, such as electronic health records (EHRs).

Healthcare organizations are encouraged to implement multi-factor authentication, address known vulnerabilities, encrypt and back up data, and conduct cyberattack readiness drills. Additionally, establish proactive relationships with local FBI and CISA offices to access technical resources for bolstering cybersecurity.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services offers guidance for implementing a robust authentication process to defend against a spectrum of cyber threats.

2. Data Security

Prioritize the security of electronic health information by implementing comprehensive encryption measures. Electronic health records (EHRs) and related equipment often include built-in security features or service options, yet sometimes they're incorrectly configured or unused.

Healthcare providers are responsible for managing electronic Protected Health Information (ePHI). You must ensure that your core staff is well-acquainted with these foundational security aspects and that EHR systems receive timely updates.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) offers a curated list of resources to fortify EHR within your medical practice.

3. Informative Campaigns

Launch informative email campaigns that incorporate infographics, images, posters, and clear, user-friendly instructions to educate your team about the evolving landscape of cyber threats. You can create these impactful email campaigns by leveraging the campaign guidance and ready-to-use visuals provided by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).

Furthermore, within its "Health Industry Cybersecurity Practices" document, HHS comprehensively addresses the five most prevalent cybersecurity threats the healthcare sector faces. This insightful resource also outlines ten critical cybersecurity practices that serve as a shield against these threats, offering healthcare organizations a robust defense strategy to safeguard their data and operations.

Medical Cybersecurity Tools and Resources

Today, the healthcare sector faces an ever-increasing challenge in protecting patient information and fortifying its cybersecurity defenses against a rising tide of cyber threats.

To address this critical concern, a wealth of tools and resources is readily available to empower healthcare professionals and organizations.

  • The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has released version 3.6 of the Security Risk Assessment (SRA) Tool, tailored to assist small and medium-sized healthcare organizations in their annual security risk assessments for HIPAA compliance.
  • The Healthcare Sector Coordinating Council (HSCC) offers a one-hour "Cybersecurity for the Clinician" video series to help clinicians grasp the importance of cyber hygiene in clinical operations and patient safety.
  • HHS introduces a "Cybersecurity Framework Implementation Guide" to help healthcare organizations manage cyber risks effectively, focusing on regulatory compliance and guidance for small healthcare entities.
  • HHS's cybersecurity advisory group provides insights through a newsletter, covering topics such as cyber insurance and incident response protocols for small medical practices.
  • The American Medical Association (AMA) extends a range of cybersecurity resources for physicians, including government resources, cyber hygiene services, and legal protections related to cybersecurity technology donations.
  • HHS has launched a dedicated cybersecurity website, serving as a comprehensive resource hub for physicians and healthcare providers seeking tools and guidance to protect their computer systems from cyber threats.
  • The HHS Health Sector Cybersecurity Coordination Center (HC3) offers supplementary resources, including threat briefs and sector alerts focusing on cyber threats related to COVID-19.
  • The AMA provides practical tips for securing patient health records and data against cyberattacks, covering topics like cybersecurity practices and a computer security checklist.

Fortify Cybersecurity with Glenwood

At Glenwood, we prioritize the security of patient data and the maintenance of rigorous regulatory compliance in our cybersecurity efforts. We recognize the paramount importance of adhering to industry standards and guidelines, encompassing HIPAA, PCI, Omnibus, MIPS, MACRA, PCMH, ACO, HIE, and many other regulatory and quality programs. Full compliance with these regulations not only guarantees the delivery of the highest-quality care to our clients but also strengthens our cybersecurity protocols.

GlaceEMR and GlaceRCM uphold the most stringent data protection standards and unwavering regulatory compliance, fostering patient trust and reinforcing their commitment to maintaining the integrity of medical records in an ever-evolving digital healthcare landscape.

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